Electromagnetic appliance.



Nm 37,65. Patented Nov. 26,1901.

A. DUPPLER j ELECTROMAGNETIC APPLIANCE.

(Application filed Mar. 25, 1901.)

(No NlodeL). 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

I III ma ywn ls PETERS co. vi-qmoumn, WASNXNGYDN, u, c.

No. 687,6l5.

' A. DUPPLER.

ELECTROMAGNETIC APPLIANCE.

(Application filed Mar. 25, 1901.)

(No Model.) V 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 26, [90L If Iii .4 Rem Mill/9830a n'ventor fl f u/T fiwa yfl y I (awa UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANTON DUPPLER, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO COMPOUND MAGNET BRAKE COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTROMAGNETIC APPLIANCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,615, dated November 26, 1901. Application filed March 25, 1901. Serial No. 52.792 (No model.)

To ail whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANTON DUPPLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented anew and Imany mechanical ratchet for holding the body at any point to which it may have been drawn by my electromagnetic appliance.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated my invention as applied to the brakes upon a car, and of course have necessarily shown it in connection with such mechanism as would cooperate to the best advantage therewith for the purpose of setting the brakes upon the car. I do not, however, limit my self to the single use herein shown for my invention, as obviously my magnetic appliance may be used for various other purposes.

I have found that in the use of a series of magnets with their armatures normally spaced at unequal distances from such magnets and cotiperating in such a Way that such armatures contact with theirmagnets ser iat'im as i the body to be moved is drawn along by the attraction of the magnets for their armatures the use of a mechanical ratchet and pawl for retaining such body at any point to which it has been drawn may be dispensed with, as the eifort tending to maintain the very nearly closed magnetic circuit between the'armature and its magnet last to come in contact serves to hold the body to be moved in the position to which it has been drawn by such armature last to contact with its magnet.

The accompanying drawings, illustrating 'my invention as applied to the brakes upon a car, are as follows:

Figure 1 is a side view, and Fig. 2 a plan view, of a portion of a car with my braking system applied to a single pair of wheels on such car. In each of such figures only such parts are shown as are necessary to indicate in diagrammatic relation the essential features of my invention. Figs. 3 and 4: are respectively horizontal and vertical longitudinal sections through the axis of the system of magnets which I make use of in the electrically-operated mechanism, as viewed from the top and side of the car, while Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section taken along the line 00 y of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic View of only the circuit connections of the arrangement of the actuating-coils 1W M M and M for the system of magnets connected together in series, while Fig. 7 is a similar View of such coils arranged to be connected up in parallel, but without the use of a rheostat.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the platform of a car, from which the remay be W W are the wheels of the car, to which the brake-shoes are applied in the manner yet to be explained for producing the braking effort. These brake-shoes f are secured to a brake-beam a which may receive any suitable support of the character found in brakes generally. center of this brake-beam a and pivoted thereto there extends a connecting-link a', which in turn is pivotally connected with the lever a. This lever a is pivotally supported at 25' from the underside of the car by means of any suitable mechanism, so as to swing in a practically horizontal plane. From this lever a there extends a rod a, pivotally connected therewith and connected at its righthand end to a chain 0, arranged in the usual way to be wound upon the lower end of the brake-staif b, which may be rotated by means of the handle h. In case of a failure of the electrically-operated system itis desirable to provide this brake-staff b with a ratchet-wheel to, rigidly connected thereto, and a suitable pawl 11, cooperating with such ratchet-wheel w in the well-known way. Upon this brake-stafi b there is also rigidly secured a gear g, engaging a rack g on the bar a. A notch z is seen in the left-hand end of this bar a to admit of a longitudinal movement of this bar a" over a short space without engaging the bolt Z. The construction issuch, however, as will at From a point near the once be understood, that a motion of such bar a longitudinally in either direction over an extent greater than the length of such slot 2 serves to impart motion to the connectinglink a to which this bolt Z is secured. This link a is pivotally connected with the lever s, pivoted in turn at t and constituting the operating-switchot a rheostat r. This switch sis normally returned to and held in the position shown in Fig. 1 by means of a spring n. Any suitable source of electricity may be provided for supplying current to the coils of the electrically-operated mechanism shown in the case 0. l have shown in the drawings such a source of electricity as consisting in a battery B, the circuit connections being such, as clearly indicated, that a motion of the handle h sufficient to impart to the bar a a longitudinal motion greater than the length of the notch 2' less the diameter of the bolt Z serves to operate the switch 8, first cutting in the coils contained within the case 0 in series with all the resistance contained in the rheostat. Such resistance is gradually cut out, as clearly indicated, by moving the switch 8 successively over the contacts of the rheostat r. A rod a is arranged to be actuated by means of the magnets and armatures in the case 0 in the manner to be explained and is connected with the lever a pivoted at t". Pivotally connected to this link a is seen a link a of such a conformation that when the rod (1 is moved to the right by means of the mechanism in the case C'this link a is moved first upward by sliding uponthe fixed pin 6 and then to the right, all as seen in Fig. .2.

As already described, the lever a is moved to the left on the pivot t during the first part of the motion of the handle it and before the mechanism in the case 0 is actuated, which results in the pin 6 being moved just to the right of the hook formed on the upper surface of the link a before this link a is operated. Thus by means of the normal operation of the link or the lever a is engaged, and as the rod a is moved to the right a braking efEort is applied to the wheels of the car through the mechanism already described. The result of this construction, it will at once be seen, is that when my electromagnetic appliance is not operating it is entirely detached from the braking mechanism of the car, and the amount of motion to be provided for in the electrically-operated mechanism is thereby greatly lessened. Upon the return of the braking mechanisms to their normal positions (indicated in Figs. 1 and 2) the link a is returned to the position shown in Fig. 2 by engaging the fixed pin e (Seen at the left-hand end thereof.)

I will now describe the system of magnets and armatures contained in the case 0 constituting my electromagnetic appliance, ref- A seerence being had to Figs. 3, 4, and 5. ries of cup-shaped magnets m m m m are provided with ears extending to the right and to the left from their upper and lower ends.

These cars are so formed upon the magnets m m m m, as indicated partially in the case of the magnet m in Fig. 5, that such magnets may be first inserted between either of the rods a and the adjacent rod (L12 and then turned slightly, so that the notches in the cars will engage the rods at, when the openings in such notches may be closed by means of plates, as indicated at o in Fig. 5, whereby the magnets m m m m are securely held upon the rods n For securing these magnets m 'm m m in any desired position longitudinally upon the rods a I make use of split clamping-pieces k k k is, arranged by means of screws to be rigidly clamped in the manner indicated to such rods (1 These clamping-pieces k 70 k are arranged to fit nicely between the ears on the magnets m m fin m respectively, whereby such magnets are held in any desired position longitudinally on the rods a A similar means for supporting the armatures d d d d from the rods a is noted in Fig. 4. It is desirable, howeveigthat these armaturesrl'd d 61 shall be capable of longitudinal movement upon the rods a For that reason clamping-pieces j'j j j are provided on one side only of the armatures d d d d in such a way, as clearly indicated also, that while each armature is being operated by its corresponding magnet it forces the rods a through the openings in the ears on the armature or armatures of the preceding orlower magnet or magnets. Each armature, however, as it is drawntoward its magnet serves to move the rods a a short distance downward in Figs. 3 and 4 or to the right in Figs. 1 and 2, whereby there is successively applied to the rods a the motion of each of the armatures d d d 01 acting 'seriatim, the maximum movement of the rods a being that required to bring the armature d from the position indicated in Figs. 3 and 4 into contact with its corresponding magnet. The rods a are suitably secured to the ends of the case (J. Suitably secured upon these rods a and within the case 0 are seen two plates 11', through which holes are provided for the longitudinal movement of the rods 0, in such a way that such rods a are guided in their longitudinal movement by these plates t". These rods 0 are connected togetherat their upper ends by means of a bar 7 to which in turn there is rigidly secured, by means of threads and nuts, in the manner indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, the right-hand end of the rod a by means of which the movement of the armatures d d d d is imparted in that application of my invention shown in this case tothe system of levers already described, and finally therethrough to the brakebeam a In the operation of my electromagnetic apj pliance as applied to the brakes on a car in the'manne'r shown by means of the handle it there is first applied a braking effort through the chain a, connected to the lower end of the brake-staff b, and the rod a, connected to such chain and also to the lever 0,6, the motion of which in turn, by means of the connectinglink a", is imparted to the brake-beam a The arrangements and proportions are such that by the time the bar a has been advanced by means of the cooperation between the gear 9 and the rack g on such bar, so that the lefthand end of the notch z engages the bolt Z on the connecting-link 013, there has been applied to the wheels W a moderate braking efiort through the hand-operated mechanism in the manner already described. In order to apply a braking effort from my electromagnetic appliance, the motorman will move the handle it still farther, which will result in an increased braking effort being applied through the hand-operated mechanism, and at the same time there will be applied a braking effort resulting from the attraction of magnets m m m m for their armatures d d d d, operated successively, as already described, and that this braking effort applied through the system of magnets and their corresponding armatures is increased directly with the potential of the current supplied to the energizing-coils of such mag'nets contained within the case 0. The potential of such current is increased with the further movement of such handle h in such a way that when the maximum braking effort has been applied by the hand -operated mechanism either the whole or any desired part of the resistance in the rheostat 7" may be cut out of circuit, so that the maximum safe potential from the source of electricity is then supplied to the coils in the case 0. The energizing-coils M, M M and M of the several magnets may be connected together in parallel or series, either one, as desired.

In Fig. 6 is shown, diagrammatically, an arrangement of such coils connected together in series, which, from the letters of reference and the description already given regarding the other figures, will be perfectly intelligible. However, when such coils are arranged to be connected up in parallel a slightlymodified system of connections and apparatus is called for.

Referring then to Fig. 7, the several coils M, M M and M all of them, have one of their terminals connected with the source of electric energy B, from which a connection is made to the spring 8 bearing upon a contact-making bar a, which is arranged to be moved in the same way as the bar a already shown and described, is moved by the operation of the handle h. This contact-bar (1 as it is moved by the operation of the handle h, operates to cut the coils M M M M, in the order named, into circuit with the source of electric energy B. Each one of such coils, however, when it is cut into circuit is retained in circuit, so as to maintain the ratchet-like action already referred to until such coils are cut out in the reverse order, when the brakes are released or the body to be moved is allowed to return to its original or initial position.

As the combination with a braking mechanism of the magnet herein shown, described, and claimed is claimed by me in my alreadyissued Patent No. 670,420, dated March 26, 19 01, for an improvement in railway-brakes, I do not claim such a combination in this case.

What I claim isl. A series of magnets and their armatures arranged at increasing distances from their corresponding magnets, means whereby the efforts exerted between such magnets and their armatures may be applied to a body to be moved, and means whereby as such body is moved under the influence of the attraction of such magnets for their armatures, such body is held in the position to which it has at any time been drawn by the efiort tending to maintain the nearly-closed magnetic circuit between the armature and its corresponding magnet last to come in contact.

2. As a means for moving a body and holding the same against a constantly-opposing force tending to move such body in a direction opposite to that of the desired motion, a series of magnets and their armatures arranged at increasing distances from their corresponding magnets, means whereby the ef forts exerted between such magnets and their armatures may be applied to such body to be moved and means whereby as such body is moved under the influence of the attraction of such magnets for their armatures, such body is held in the position to which it has at any time been drawn by the eifort tending to maintain the nearly-closedv magnetic circuit between the armature and its corresponding magnet last to come in contact; I

ANTON DUPPLEB,

Witnesses:

Tnos'. STU'ReIs, WM. E. KREY. 

